>div<
<div>
</div>
The >div< is a generic block-level element. It doesn’t convey any meaning about its contents (unlike a >p< element that signifies a paragraph, or an >h1< or >h2< element that would indicate a level 1 or level 2 heading, respectively); as such, it’s easy to customize it to your needs. The >div< element is currently the most common method for identifying the structural sections of a document and for laying out a web page using CSS.
Some developers perceive similarities between the >p< and the >div< elements, seeing them as being interchangeable, but this isn’t the case. The >p< element offers more semantic information (“this is a paragraph of text, a small collection of thoughts that are grouped together; the next paragraph outlines some different thoughts”), while the >div< element can be used to group almost any elements together. Indeed, it can contain almost any other element, unlike >p<, which can only contain inline elements.
Example
The HTML below shows two divs being used in conjunction with id attributes to identify different sections of a web page:
<div id="main_navigation">
</div>
<div id="body_content">
<h1>Page headingThe div is an “anything-goes” element—it can contain any inline or block-level elements you choose, so it has no typical content.