Linked Data
ld
Linked Data is a loosely defined term, but tbl's http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData.html is the common source for its foundation of Four Design Principles.
Benefits of Linked Data
- De-referencability
IRIs are not just used for identifying entities, but since they can be used in the same way as URLs they also enable locating and retrieving resources describing and representing these entities on the Web.
- Coherence
When an RDF triple contains IRIs from different namespaces in subject and object position, this triple basically establishes a link between the entity identified by the subject (and described in the source dataset using namespace A) with the entity identified by the object (described in the target dataset using namespace B). Through these typed RDF links, data items are effectively interlinked.
- Integrability
Since all Linked Data sources share the RDF data model, which is based on a single mechanism for representing information, it is very easy to attain a syntactic and simple semantic integration of different Linked Data sets. A higher-level semantic integration can be achieved by employing schema and instance matching techniques and expressing found matches again as alignments of RDF vocabularies and ontologies in terms of additional triple facts.
- Timeliness
Publishing and updating Linked Data is relatively simple thus facilitating a timely availability. In addition, once a Linked Data source is updated it is straightforward to access and use the updated data source, since time consuming and error prune extraction, transformation and loading is not required.
On top of these technological principles Linked Data promises to improve the reusability and richness (in terms of depth and broadness) of content thus adding significant value to the content value chain.
lod Community
w3c Data Activity - Building the Web of Data
w3c Data Activity - Building the Web of Data
More and more Web applications provide a means of accessing data. From simple visualizations to sophisticated interactive tools, there is a growing reliance on the availability of data which can be “big” or “small”, of diverse origin, and in different formats; it is usually published without prior coordination with other publishers — let alone with precise modeling or common vocabularies. The Data Activity recognizes and works to overcome this diversity to facilitate potentially Web-scale data integration and processing. It does this by providing standard data exchange formats, models, tools, and guidance.
The overall vision of the Data Activity is that people and organizations should be able to share data as far as possible using their existing tools and working practices but in a way that enables others to derive and add value, and to utilize it in ways that suit them. Achieving that requires a focus not just on the interoperability of data but of communities.
lod References and Resources
- csv on the Web: Metadata Vocabulary for Tabular Data and other updates
- Data on the Web Best Practices UCR Published
Tools
Linked Data api
Linked Data offers a set of best practices for publishing, sharing and linking data and information on the web. It is based on use of http uris and semantic web standards such as rdf.
For some web developers the need to understand the RDF data model and associated serializations and query language (SPARQL) has proved a barrier to adoption of linked data. This project seeks to develop apis, data formats and supporting tools to overcome this barrier. Including, but not limited to, accessing linked data via a developer-friendly JSON format. More information:
Examples/In the Wild
- Linked Data Site - Digital Social Innovation Linked Data Developer Documentation
- Digital Social Innovation - Home Site of above Linked Data Site
Linked Data: New Ontologies Website - bbc
Ontologies provides access to the bbc's ontologies it uses to support audience facing applications.
Basic Concepts: Connecting Content with Linked Data
Ontologies are used to describe the world around us, content the bbcM/abbr> creates, and the management, storage, and sharing of these data with the Linked Data Platform.
bbc.co.uk/ontologies is a human friendly view of the data models in the Linked Data Platform and is meant to give a comprehensive understanding of which ontologies the bbc uses, why and how. This is provided for members of the public and anyone who wants to get a better understanding of the bbc's Linked Data.
Community
References and Resources
- Linked Data Quality Reports
- Search Google Code for Linked Data
- Linked Data
- Linked Data: Evolving the Web into a Global Dataspace
- Dataset Publishing Checklist
- Publishing and consuming Linked Data embedded in html
- Describing Linked Datasets with the VoID Vocabulary
- Linked Data Open Star Scheme
- Linked Data Life Cycles
- Linked Data Specifications
- Linked Data support for Schema.org
- Linked Data Basics for Techies Online Course
- There's No Money in Linked Data
- Enable cors (Cross-Origin Resource Sharing)
- Linked Data Profiler
- Linked Data Vocabulary Checker
- Linked Data vs Schema.org: A Town Hall Debate about the Future of Information
- Vote 2014: Data Architecture and Semantic Tagging http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/internet/tags/Linked_Data">bbc Posts Tagged with: Linked Data
My main role in BBC News Online, therefore, is to work with our teams to uncover which types of tags, which relationships, and then which instances (Birmingham City Council is an instance of a Council) we might need. Once I've done so, I construct what's known as an Ontology - a specification of the types and relationships that we're going to use - essentially like a dictionary, or a cook book, of allowed concepts. They don't all have to be used, and we can use as many or as few Ontologies as we need, but the types and relationships do need to be specified somewhere.
Linked Data in the Content Value Chain
or Why Dynamic Semantic Publishing makes sense …
According to Cisco communication within electronic networks has become increasingly content-centric. i.e. Cisco reports for the time period from 2011 to 2016 an increase of 90% of video content, 76% of gaming content, 36% VoIP, 36% file sharing being transmitted electronically. Hence it is legitimate to ask what role Linked Data takes in the content production process. Herein we can distinguish five sequential steps:
- 1) content acquisition
- 2) content editing
- 3) content bundling
- 4) content distribution
- 5) content consumption
As illustrated in the figure below Linked Data can contribute to each step by supporting the associated intrinsic production function.
ldbc (Linked Data Benchmark Council)
ldbc aims to establish industry cooperation between vendors of RDF and Graph database technologies in developing, endorsing, and publishing reliable and insightful benchmark results.
ldbc
Here you may find the results for different benchmarks, i.e. the Social Network Benchmark (SNB) and the Semantic Publishing Benchmark (SPB), their definitions and best practices, the repositories where to find the data generators and the query implementations, an access to the intranet for the LDBC industry partners and a list of the LDBC member vendors.
ldp (Linked Data Platform)
lod (Linking Open Data)
lod2 Creating Knowledge out of Interlinked Data
Research Projects Focusing on Linked Data
- EnAKTing - Forging the Web of Linked Data EPSRC-funded project dedicated to solving fundamental problems in achieving an effective web of linked data.
- LOD2 – Creating Knowledge out of Interlinked Data EU-funded IP project which develops a Linked Data tool stack.
- LATC - Linked Open Data Around the Clock EU-funded SA project that supports the community to publish and consume Linked Data.
Linking Open Drug Data (lodd
A highlight of this project is using state-of-the-art semantic link discovery techniques for interlinking the published datasets. More on the interlinking methodology can be found on the Interlinking page.
One of the main goals of this project is investigating use cases that demonstrate how researchers in life science, as well as physicians and patients can take advantage of the connected data sets. Read more about some of the use cases.
lod References and Resources
MichaelHausenblas -- I joined the LOD community project in June 2007 after Chris Bizer has told me about this great idea. In the meantime quite some things emerged and I think I have left some traces ;) In the beginning I was interested in building a linked dataset, which actually yielded riese, the RDFised and interlinked version of the Eurostat's statistical data. As a by-product we developed a pradigm allowing for manual interlinking, called UCI (User-Contributed Interlinking). Then my focus shifted and I wanted to build applications on top of linked data which triggered the creation of voiD, the 'Vocabulary of Interlinked Datasets'. Now, as I'm a multimedia guy at heart, I also started to apply linked data principles to multimedia content. Finally, I gave a LOD tutorial at ISWC08 with Tom, Chris, Richard and Olaf (see also my quick intro into linked data). I've participated in (and co-organised) several LOD Gatherings so far and plan to do so in the future.